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FEMA and the CDC say to store at least one gallon per person per day for at least three days, and a two-week supply if you can. Store more for children, nursing mothers, sick people, pets and hot weather. Replace water you bottled yourself every six months.

Ready.gov's basic kit lists water, several days of non-perishable food, a battery or hand-crank NOAA weather radio, a flashlight, a first aid kit, extra batteries, a whistle, a dust mask, plastic sheeting and duct tape, wipes and garbage bags, a wrench or pliers, a manual can opener, local maps, and a phone charger with a backup battery. Add medicines, documents and anything your family or pets need.

Only if the heater is rated for indoor use, like models with an oxygen-depletion sensor and tip-over shutoff, and only with the fresh-air opening the maker specifies. Run a battery carbon monoxide alarm in the same room and never run a heater while you sleep. Never use outdoor heaters, grills, camp stoves or generators indoors.

Yes, as a way to cut heat loss. A space blanket reflects body heat and blocks wind and rain, which helps if you are stranded or waiting for help. It is not insulation and traps moisture, so it works best wrapped close over dry clothing or inside a bag. A breathable emergency bivvy is warmer and drier for a night out.

In the US, antibiotics need a prescription. Some telehealth services let a licensed physician review your history and decide whether to prescribe an emergency medication kit. These are for when normal care is not available, not a substitute for a doctor. Misusing antibiotics can cause allergic reactions, C. diff infections and resistance. In an emergency, call 911.

No. We do not test products. We list the top picks of independent testers such as Wirecutter, Outdoor Gear Lab, Serious Eats, Bob Vila and The Prepared, and we name the source on every pick. Where no independent review exists, a pick is labeled "Troy's pick." Prices are approximate and were checked by hand on the product page.